One year since the seminal speech by Chancellor Olaf Scholz this special analysis of the Security Radar 2023 looks at how exactly the Zeitenwende changed public opinion in Germany. Which views have been transformed, and which have persisted, despite the war?

The data show a fundamental shift in attitudes to Russia, as well as to military spending and weapons deliveries, but at the same time a remarkable continuity of a »culture of restraint«. Overall response patterns often mask differences between different groups. A deeper look into the data reveals persistent societal cleavages along party lines or geographical origin. The Zeitenwende has definitely started, but it is not yet clear where we are heading.

The publication is available in English and German language.